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Lesson 12: (Listening): 'Or' - Duration: 13:11.
Hi guys, Patrick from Santa Barbara English. Today's lesson is another
listening lesson and it's about the word 'Or.' Okay, so the word 'or.' Now I did a
lesson with the pronunciation of the word 'and' and that's video Lesson 3. I
recommend you watch that video before you watch this video because this video
is going to take the 'and' lesson a little bit further. Okay so the slides for the
video are down below if you want to download these to make it easier to take
notes. Okay here we go. So the word 'or' in English is often pronounced 'r.' Okay so
we cut out the O, and we connect the 'r.' Okay so this is similar to what I
showed you with the word 'and.' So for example
So you cut out that 'o' and say 'let's do it today r tomorrow,' and then you move
the 'r' forward. 'Let's do it today or tomorrow.' Okay so let's do it today or
tomorrow. Today or tomorrow. Today or tomorrow. okay today or tomorrow. You can
also put the 'r' at the beginning of the next word for example: Let's do it
today or tomorrow. Or tomorrow let's do it today or tomorrow. let's do
it today or tomorrow. let's do it today or tomorrow. okay so you can start a word
with 'r' similar to 'and.' Okay now I know that the word 'or' is difficult to
pronounce, especially for Japanese people, and a lot of Japanese people
usually use an 'おーあ' pronunciation. They will say today おーあ tomorrow, but it's not
おーあ, actually we don't even pronounce the 'o' it's just 'r.' And I know that 'r' is
a difficult sound to pronounce but you must get used to it. This is a listening
lesson again so if you can't do this correctly that's okay you should
practice it and this will really help your listening because people will be
saying 'today or tomorrow.' Nobody will say today oh-ah
tomorrow. Okay? And the way that we use 'or' is different in English because in
Japanese you don't really use 'or' like か。今日か明日。It's usually 今日？
明日？Today? Tomorrow? So, but we don't do that in English. It would just be
今日？明日？ Today or tomorrow? We just connect it together with that 'or' in
between, okay? So let me give you some more examples of this. So me or him. I
would say ...
or just put it together
How many do you want? Three or four? Three or four? Three or four?
Hot or cold? Can I have some coffee? Yeah, hot or cold? Hot or cold? Now this
pronunciation is the same as 'hotter cold.' Okay? So 'hotter cold'
'Hot or cold.' If you can say 'hotter' you can say 'hot or,' it's the same pronunciation.
Sunday or Monday. Sunday or Monday. Let's go, I don't know, Sunday or Monday. Sunday
or Monday. Okay? So 'This one or that one?' this one or that one? Do you like this
one or this one? Do you like this one or this one? This one or this one?
'one or' okay so you have to recognize 'one or' 'one or' 'one or.' Now
compare this to 'This one and that one.' So, this one and that one. So I'm going to
say it both ways and I'll hold up the card so you can see.
okay very small difference but if you are saying me 'ando' him, or me 'o-ah'
him, it's going to be really difficult to understand you, and you won't understand
us where we're putting the sentences together, and where we're grouping the
words. Okay? So 'r' 'n' okay? On or off? Should I have the lights on or
off? On or off? Now this word, 'Let's just go for an hour or two.' 'Hour' ends with an
R, but it's okay you can say 'hour or two '- okay? It's not 'hour two' it's 'hour or two.' I know that
sounds so similar but it really is different. Let's just go for an hour or two.
I'm sorry if this is the first time anybody's ever told you this but this is
how we speak. Okay, next one, coffee or tea? Would you like coffee or tea? Coffee
please. Hot or cold? Hot. Coffee or tea? Hot or cold? Okay? Mine or yours? Should we
drive? Ya let's drive. Whose car should we take, mine or yours?
Yours or mine? Mine or yours? Yours or mine? Okay? And 'more or less.' 'More or less' means
'about' or 'kinda' like ぐらい. For example 'There are more or less 300 million
people in America.' How many people are in America? Like 300 million? Ya, more or
less. More or less. More or less. More or less, okay. And lastly, as always, make your
own! Okay, so you should practice this the same as the 'And.' 'Today and tomorrow.'
You should practice it with 'or.' 'Today or tomorrow.' and you should practice it as a
group 'today or tomorrow.' And you should practice it in a sentence: Do you want to
go today or tomorrow? Do you want to go today or tomorrow? Okay, and even if you
can't pronounce it perfectly yet your ear will get used to listening for the
groups. Okay now I would love to do more and more and more examples but I don't
want to make a forty minute video. I would love to make a two-hour video, and
normally in my lessons I do this pronunciation practice for at least an
hour. You or him. Him or you. Today or tomorrow. This week or the next week.
Make your own because I'm not going to make this video too long. So you should
make your own January or February, February or March, today or tomorrow,
inside or outside, over there or over here, over there or...over there or over here. Here or
there. Whatever you can think of, spend time practicing this okay? You should
spend much more time practicing than you do just studying okay? So this is the
study, I'm showing you what to do, now you need to practice okay? I have a
little bit more information to give you. It's also important to practice this
pronunciation before 'a' 'an,' and 'the.' Okay so you want to be able to say 'ra' 'ran' and
'rtha.' For example ra, ra, ran, rtha. So do you want to get a dog
or a cat? A dog or a cat? Let's get a pet! Oh okay
a dog or a cat?
Do you have a pen or a pencil? Do you have a pen or a pencil? Do you have a pencil or a pen?
You should practice with a friend or a teacher
Can you help me for 30 minutes or an hour?
Is your brother a scientist or an engineer?
Scientist or an engineer?
So if you are saying ... and you are you're changing all
of those pronunciations into a katakana pronunciation, it's going to be very
difficult to understand you, and your listening will never be listening for
natural English. You'll be listening for katakana English and only Japanese
people speak Katakana English. So you have to get used to how we
naturally pronounce things okay. And 'rthe.' Do you like this one or the other
one? Do you like this one or the other one?
you like this one or the other one or the or the other one early or the other
Okay I'm trying to give you many examples with this video because I know
it's difficult pronunciation for Japanese people. Should we go on the
first or the second? Rtha, rtha. On the first or the second? Rthe other one?
Rthe second? okay so 'a,' 'and' and 'the' or (thee) will connect to
this many times. Okay so lastly let me show you two more ways that we use this.
Okay, so we also use this pronunciation to
cut a sentence in half and we do this for two main reasons: Number one to avoid
saying something. So sometimes when you're asking a question you don't know
the vocabulary word, or it might be something that you don't know how to ask
politely. Maybe you're a little bit shy to ask. So you don't have to ask the full
sentence, you can just ask half of it, and then cut it, and say 'r...' and then they'll
usually answer you, okay. And the other reason we do this is because we're lazy.
So sometimes it's just easier to say, to just cut it in half and not say the
whole thing, okay. Let me show you some examples. So avoiding something. So let's
say that I'm talking to my friend, or some guy, and I want to know if he's
single, or if he's married, or if he's divorced,
I probably won't ask him like 'Are you divorced?' I would say
something like, 'Are you single or...' and just sort of stop there and he could say
'yeah I'm single' or 'no actually I'm married' or 'I'm engaged' or he can answer
the question. I don't have to say are you married or single or divorced...just
are you single or.." Okay that's enough. Or, for example if I'm going to ask a girl
on a date I might just start asking the question and say 'r...'For example, Do you
want to see a movie or...? And then I just see her reaction and if she says 'uh
actually I have a boyfriend.' Oh okay no worries. Or 'yeah I'd love
to see a movie.' But that's all I need to say. So, like, for example, if you said 'I
got a new roommate' or 'I got a new boyfriend.' I would say 'oh
is he nice or.." Like, 'Is he cute or...?' I will never ask 'Is he ugly?' That's kind of too
direct and that's also a bad question. But if I said 'Is he nice or...' 'Oh yeah he's
great he's really friendly...' And that's all I have to ask.
Okay so very convenient if you want to avoid saying something. And it's also we
do this because we're lazy. You don't need to say the whole sentence if people
can understand with half of it. For example, 'Do you work today or..? Are you off,
Or is a vacation. Or did you already leave work. I don't need to explain it
just 'Do you work today or.' 'Oh ya I'm actually off today.' Okay. Does this make sense or..?
(do you need me to explain it again?) Does this make sense or..? (do you guys have any
questions?) I don't need to say that second half. when I'm teaching, I
usually just say, 'So does this makes sense or..?' 'Is it okay or..?' 'Any questions or..' 'You guys
good or...?' and I just 。。。 just dot dot dot 'er'at the end. Okay? So 'or'
is pronounced 'er' and we use it to join things together, we use it to cut
sentences in half, and we do this every conversation. And it's a very very small
pronunciation: today or tomorrow, today and tomorrow, today or tomorrow, today and
tomorrow. But, when you get used to it, it will make your speaking easier, and it
will make your listening much easier as well. So, thanks
for watching! Please Like, Share, Subscribe, and I'll see you guys next video!
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